TY  - BOOK
AU  - Usha C Thomas 
AU  - Chandini S (Guide)
TI  - Yield and quality of Betelving (Piper betel L.) as influenced by planting material and integrated nutreient management
U1  - 630 
PY  - 2004///
CY  - Vellayani
PB  - Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture
N2  - An investigation entitled 'Yield and quality of betelvine (Piper 
betel L.) as influenced by planting material and integrated nutrient 
management' was undertaken during 2001-2003 at College of 
Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram. The objectives of the 
study were to develop a suitable propagation technique to improve the 
establishment percentage of betelvine cuttings, to evolve an integrated 
nutrient management practice for improved productivity and quality of 
betelvine leaves and also to develop a suitable method for improving the 
shelf life of harvested betel leaves. 
In the propagation study (pot culture) eventhough earliest 
emergence of leaf was shown by the treatment in which top 'nodes were 
covered with polythene bag, highest percentage survival (72.34 %) was 
recorded when cuttings were dipped in IBA at the rate of 50 ug mrl for 
12 hours. Three, four and five noded cutting were equally effective in 
increasing the percentage survival of cuttings. 
Although there was a varying trend in the response to substitution 
and type of organic manures, in general an increasing trend in growth 
and yield characters of betelvine was observed as the nitrogen 
application was increased from 60 to 90'kg ha' during both the years of 
crop growth. 
During both the years, highest yield was recorded by NC + urea in 
2: 1 and 1: 1 ratio at 90 kg N ha-I. In first year PM + urea in 2: 1 ratio and 
in second year FYM + urea in 2: 1 ratio were found to be equally 
effective. NC + urea in 2: 1 ratio at 90 kg N ha-I recorded 59 per cent 
higher yield than farmer's practice, the control treatment. 
Pooled analysis of yield for two years indicated that the treatments 
are consistent in performance with respect to yield and there is no 
interaction between treatments and year. The study also showed that NC 
+ urea in 2: 1 ratio is the best INM treatment (30.72 I ha') and was on par 
 
I1 
with NC + urea in 1: 1 ratio (27.30 I ha-I) and FYM + urea to 2: 1 ratio 
(24.68 I ha"), all at 90 kg N ha-I. 
During first year farmer's practice and in second year NC + urea 
in 2: 1 ratio (90 kg N ha') recorded longest shelf life. 
During both the years of the study at almost all the stages 
analysed, NC + urea in 2: 1 ratio at 90 kg N ha" recorded the highest N, 
P and K content in marketable leaves. Highest Nand K uptake was seen 
in NC + urea combination and highest P uptake was seen in FYM + urea 
combination, at 90 kg N ha-I. 
Farmer's practice recorded highest Nand P status of soil after 
experiment and highest potassium availability was seen in PM + urea in 
1:1 ratio at 90 kg N ha'. 
Highest sugar contents were recorded by FYM + urea and NC + 
urea in 2: 1 combinations at 90 kg N ha': 
Highest essential oil content during first year was recorded by 
FYM + urea mixture in 2: 1 ratio and in second year by NC + urea in 2: 1 
ratio, both at 90 kg N ha'. 
During first year, highest BCR and net income were recorded by 
NC + urea in 2: 1 substitution and during second year by NC + urea in 1: 1 
substitution, both at 90 kg N ha-I. 
The laboratory study on improvement of shelf life of betel leaves 
showed that wet gunny cloth and banana leaf sheath are the best packing 
materials as it recorded longest shelf life and lesser nutritional changes 
in leaves during storage. 


UR  - http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810015135
ER  -