Evaluation of the utility of bypass nutrients in maintaining the growth rate of crossbred heifers under varying levels of thermal stress

By:

Gyathri, B S

Contributor(s):

Pramod, S (Guide)

Material type:

TextPublication details: Vellanikkara College of Climate Change and Environmental Science 2024Description: xvii, 77pSubject(s):

DDC classification:

551.6 GAY/EV PG

Online resources:

Click here to access online

Dissertation note: MSc Abstract: A Study was conducted to evaluate the utility of bypass nutrients in maintaining the growth rate of crossbred heifers under varying levels of thermal stress. The study was conducted for 120 days, with equal periods of mild and moderate thermal stress. Eighteen female (5-12 months) cattle were used in the present study. The animals were randomly allocated into three groups of six animals each, viz. Treatment 1, Treatment 2, and the control group. Feed for Treatment Group 1 contained 50 % of dietary protein as natural bypass protein, while the control feed had 35 % of total protein as natural bypass protein. Animals in treatment group 2 were supplemented with 50 g of bypass fat per day along with control feed. The feed composition was prepared by using the formulation in ICAR, 2013. Feeding of cattle was done at 7.00 am and 2.00 pm daily. Also, a fixed amount of roughage was provided two times a day. The weather variables were recorded using an automatic temperature logger and the THI was calculated. The cattle's growth rate was determined by biweekly taking its body weight and biometrical parameters such as body length, chest girth, and body height. Physiological parameters such as respiration rate, pulse rate, rectal temperature, rumen motility, and body surface temperature were recorded at weekly intervals during forenoon and afternoon hours. By comparing the values in both the forenoon and afternoon, it was observed that the physiological rates such as respiration rate, pulse rate, rectal temperature, and body surface temperature were higher in the afternoon when compared with the forenoon. The rumen motility was higher in the forenoon than in the afternoon. The serological parameters such as glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, albumin, and total protein were analyzed. The study revealed significant differences in several parameters, including wither height and chest circumference (biometrical parameters), pulse rate (physiological parameter), and serum levels of glucose, calcium, cholesterol, triglycerides, and albumin about THI. It was also observed that bypass protein and fat supplementation did not significantly enhance the growth rate of crossbred heifers during the study period. Keywords: Bypass nutrients; Bypass fat; Bypass protein; Heat stress; Cattle; Growth

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MSc

A Study was conducted to evaluate the utility of bypass nutrients in maintaining the growth rate of crossbred heifers under varying levels of thermal stress. The study was conducted for 120 days, with equal periods of mild and moderate thermal stress. Eighteen female (5-12 months) cattle were used in the present study. The animals were randomly allocated into three groups of six animals each, viz. Treatment 1, Treatment 2, and the control group. Feed for Treatment Group 1 contained 50 % of dietary protein as natural bypass protein, while the control feed had 35 % of total protein as natural bypass protein. Animals in treatment group 2 were supplemented with 50 g of bypass fat per day along with control feed. The feed composition was prepared by using the formulation in ICAR, 2013. Feeding of cattle was done at 7.00 am and 2.00 pm daily. Also, a fixed amount of roughage was provided two times a day. The weather variables were recorded using an automatic temperature logger and the THI was calculated. The cattle's growth rate was determined by biweekly taking its body weight and biometrical parameters such as body length, chest girth, and body height. Physiological parameters such as respiration rate, pulse rate, rectal temperature, rumen motility, and body surface temperature were recorded at weekly intervals during forenoon and afternoon hours. By comparing the values in both the forenoon and afternoon, it was observed that the physiological rates such as respiration rate, pulse rate, rectal temperature, and body surface temperature were higher in the afternoon when compared with the forenoon. The rumen motility was higher in the forenoon than in the afternoon. The serological parameters such as glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, albumin, and total protein were analyzed. The study revealed significant differences in several parameters, including wither height and chest circumference (biometrical parameters), pulse rate (physiological parameter), and serum levels of glucose, calcium, cholesterol, triglycerides, and albumin about THI. It was also observed that bypass protein and fat supplementation did not significantly enhance the growth rate of crossbred heifers during the study period.
Keywords: Bypass nutrients; Bypass fat; Bypass protein; Heat stress; Cattle; Growth

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