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Insecticide Residues in Market Samples of Vegetables and Method of their Decontamination (Record no. 26237)

MARC details
000 -LEADER
fixed length control field	05061nam a2200193Ia 4500
003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER
control field	OSt
005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION
control field	20220217134915.0
008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION
fixed length control field	140128s9999 xx 000 0 und d
082 ## - DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION NUMBER
Classification number	632.6
Item number	SAN/IN
100 ## - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME
Personal name	SanthoshKumar S R
245 ## - TITLE STATEMENT
Title	Insecticide Residues in Market Samples of Vegetables and Method of their Decontamination
260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. (IMPRINT)
Place of publication, distribution, etc.	Vellayani
Name of publisher, distributor, etc.	Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture
Date of publication, distribution, etc.	1997
502 ## - DISSERTATION NOTE
Degree type	MSc
520 3# - SUMMARY, ETC.
Summary, etc.	An investigation was undertaken to assess the insecticide residues in <br/>market samples of vegetables, viz, bittergourd, cowpea, cucumber and <br/>snakegourd from four markets of Thiruvananthapuram during three seasons <br/>of 1995. The effect of certain decontamination practices on vegetables to <br/>remove residues of insecticides was also assessed. <br/>The study revealed that organophosphate insecticides, VIZ., methyl <br/>parathion, quinalphos, monocrotophos, phosphamidon and phorate were the <br/> contaminants present in the vegetable samples. It was observed that <br/>invariably all the 288 samples collected from the four vegetable markets <br/>/ <br/>(Aralumoodu, Chalai, Neduamangadu and Powdikonam) were contaminated <br/>with one or other OP insecticides. The samples collected from Aralumoodu <br/>market during the first season (January-Mar eh) and from Chalai market <br/>during the second season (Apri-May) were found contaminated to a <br/>significantly higher extent than those collected from the other three <br/>markets. The overall analysis of the data on the extent of contamination <br/>revealed that cowpea was the most contaminated vegetable. Forty three <br/>per cent of the cowpea samples were contaminated with OP insecticides <br/>above MRL followed by cucumber (25 0 %), snakegourd (22.3 %) and <br/>bittergourd (16.7 %) Among the five OP insecticides detected during the <br/> <br/>survey, methyl parathion was identified as the chief contaminant in cowpea <br/>(0.22 to 0.65 ppm), bittergourd (0.01- to 0.21 ppm) and in snakegourd <br/>(0.04 to 0.52 pp m) whereas phorate was the major contaminant in <br/>cucumber (0.02 to 0.26 pprn). <br/>The overall observation on the insecticide preference of vegetable <br/>growers showed that methyl parathion was the most preferred insecticide <br/> <br/><br/> <br/>(48.2 %) followed by phorate (18.4 %) The preference for <br/> <br/><br/> <br/>monocrotophos, phosphamidon and quinalphos were 12 5, 6.9 and 13.8 per <br/>cent respectively. <br/>The pesticide usage data collected from the growers revealed that <br/>95.13 per cent of farmers were using the insecticide at concentrations <br/>higher than the normal, whereas 2.7 per cent of farmers used sub-optimal <br/>concentration, and only two per cent of farmers used the insecticides at <br/>their recommended concentrations. The study also showed that cent per <br/>cent farmers used the spray volumes below the recommended rates (mean <br/>volume of 378 liters / ha as against an optimum volume of 550 to 750 liters <br/>/ ha). Thus use of OP insecticides at higher concentration and at lover <br/>volume of spray was found to be the main reason for higher extent of <br/>illegan residues detected in the survey. Besides frequent application of <br/>insecticides and harvesting at shorter intervals was identified as the reason <br/>for higher insecticide contamination in vegetable cowpea. <br/> <br/>The decontamination of the insecticide residue on cowpea showed <br/>that dipping the pods in a 2 per cent solution of salt, tamarind extract, lime <br/>or vineger could remove the phosphamidon residue in the range of 84.9 to <br/>94 per cent and monocrotophos to the tune of 90 per cent. Whereas mere <br/>tap water washing could remove only I 15 per cent of the phosphamidon <br/>residue and 16.83 per cent of monocrotophhos. <br/>Cooking the cowpea samples for 25 minutes (open and closed <br/>cooking) could remove monocrotophos residue in the range of 51.76 to <br/>6105 per cent and phosphamidon residue in the range of 48.36 to 49.41 <br/>per cent. Refregeration could remove the monocrotophos to the extent of <br/>17.84 per cent and phosphamidon to the tune of 14.97 per cent. <br/>In bittergourd, dipping the fruit in 2 per cent solution of tamarind <br/>extract, lime, salt or vineger for one hour could remove the monocrotophos <br/>residue to an extent of 90 per cent and phosphamidon to 95 per cent. At <br/>the same time washing the fruit could remove 6.6 per cent of <br/>monocrotophos and 8.78 per cent of phosphamidon. <br/>Cooking the bittergourd fruits for 25 minutes (open and closed <br/>cooking) removed residues of monocrotophos in the range of 52.2 to 54.44 <br/>per cent and phosphamidon in the range of 45.05 to 56.04 per cent whereas <br/>sun drying of fruit chips for 2 days removed monocrotophos to the tune of <br/>43.3 and phosphamidon to 24.17 per cent Refrigeration of fruits could <br/>remove 8.33 per cent of monocrotophos and 16 per cent of phosphamidon <br/>residues. <br/><br/>
700 ## - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME
Personal name	Thomas Biju Mathew (Guide)
856 ## - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS
Uniform Resource Identifier	<a href="https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810099419">https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810099419</a>
856 ## - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS
Uniform Resource Identifier	<a href="https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/displaybitstream?handle=1/5810099419&fileid=40c3039f-6434-42a6-a880-73e3bac1c5de">https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/displaybitstream?handle=1/5810099419&fileid=40c3039f-6434-42a6-a880-73e3bac1c5de</a>
942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA)
Source of classification or shelving scheme	Dewey Decimal Classification
Koha item type	Theses

Holdings
Withdrawn status	Lost status	Source of classification or shelving scheme	Damaged status	Not for loan	Home library	Current library	Shelving location	Date acquired	Total Checkouts	Full call number	Barcode	Date last seen	Price effective from	Koha item type
		Dewey Decimal Classification			KAU Central Library, Thrissur	KAU Central Library, Thrissur	Theses	18/03/2014		632.6 SAN/IN	171285	18/03/2014	18/03/2014	Theses