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Etiology of honey bee brood disease in Southern Kerala (Record no. 163735)

MARC details
000 -LEADER
fixed length control field	04962nam a22001697a 4500
082 ## - DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION NUMBER
Classification number	632.6
Item number	JYO/ET
100 ## - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME
Personal name	Jyothis P. Joseph
245 ## - TITLE STATEMENT
Title	Etiology of honey bee brood disease in Southern Kerala
260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. (IMPRINT)
Place of publication, distribution, etc	Vellayani
Name of publisher, distributor, etc	Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture
Date of publication, distribution, etc	2018
300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
Extent	109p.
502 ## - DISSERTATION NOTE
Dissertation note	MSc
520 3# - SUMMARY, ETC.
Abstract	The study entitled “Etiology of honey bee brood disease in Southern<br/>Kerala” was conducted with the objective to characterize, identify and confirm the<br/>infectivity of the microbial isolate from diseased Indian honey bee brood and also<br/>to test the efficacy of botanicals against it. The study was carried out during the<br/>period 2016-2018 at AICRP on Honey bees and Pollinators, Department of<br/>Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani.<br/>Survey was conducted in the Indian bee apiaries of three Southern<br/>districts of Kerala viz. Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam and Pathanamthitta. From<br/>each district, five apiaries with a minimum of 10 colonies were selected<br/>purposively. The infected brood samples were subjected to laboratory study to<br/>understand the etiology of the disease. Evaluation of botanicals against the Indian<br/>bee brood disease using different botanicals was also conducted.<br/>Scattered presence of sealed and unsealed brood giving “pepper-box<br/>symptom”, change in colour of the larvae from pearly white to yellow and finally<br/>dark brown, perforated brood cappings with dead pupae and infected larvae<br/>transform into brown scales which were seen adhered to the bottom of the cell,<br/>were the typical symptoms observed in the infected bee colonies. Apart from<br/>these, the adult bees were found restless and more aggressive, reduced foraging<br/>activity, tendency for absconding and reduced honey yield were also observed.<br/>The monthly incidence of the disease varied among different locations<br/>with the peak infection period during the dearth season (May to August) in<br/>Thiruvananthapuram district, while in Kollam district it was observed in both<br/>dearth season and brood rearing season (Sept. to Dec.). Among the three districts,<br/>highest mean percentage infection was recorded from the apiaries of Kollam<br/>district (44.36) followed by Thiruvananthapuram district (4.45) and the least<br/>infection percentage from the apiaries of Pathanamthitta district (1.07).<br/>Three bacterial colonies were isolated (viz. J1, J2 and J3 isolates) in the<br/>nutrient agar (NA) medium from the infected brood samples taken during survey.<br/>The bacterial isolates, J1 and J3 which were proved pathogenic to the honey bee<br/>larvae<br/>were<br/>subjected<br/>to<br/>morphological,<br/>molecular<br/>and<br/>biochemical<br/>characterisation. The bacteria, identified as Bacillus pumilus and Achromobacter<br/>sp., has already been reported to be associated with Melissococcus plutonius,<br/>causal agent of European Foul Brood.<br/>Evaluation of botanicals for the management of Indian bee brood disease<br/>with crushed garlic (0.25 % and 0.5 %), crushed leaves of Centella asiatica (0.05<br/>% and 0.1 %), crushed leaves of Ocimum sp. (0.05 % and 0.1 %), turmeric<br/>powder (0.2 %), CaSO4 (homeo medicine), along with oxytetracycline<br/>hydrochloride (antibiotic) (40 ppm) as check and a control provided with artificial<br/>feed, was assessed in terms of infected brood area, sealed brood area, unsealed<br/>brood area, pollen storage, honey storage and number of foragers per minute.<br/>After four weeks of treatment, bee colonies treated with crushed garlic 0.25 % and<br/>crushed leaves of Ocimum sp. 0.05 % recorded highest percentage reduction of<br/>the disease with a mean value of 68.52 and 67.57 respectively.<br/>Apart from these, a significant increase in sealed brood area (286.07 cm2<br/>and 261.32 cm2), unsealed brood area (236.80 cm2 and 222.22 cm2), pollen<br/>storage (49.19 cm2 and 47.70 cm2), honey storage (84.74 cm2 and 77.13 cm2) and<br/>number of foragers (3.13 and 3 bees per minute) were also observed in the<br/>colonies treated with crushed garlic 0.25 % and crushed leaves of Ocimum sp.<br/>0.05 % respectively, when compared to their respective control (34.62 cm2;<br/>124.71 cm2; 14.88 cm2; 39.68 cm2and 1.13 bees per minute).<br/>Thus the present investigation revealed that the Indian bee apiaries of<br/>Kollam district recorded the highest incidence of brood disease in southern Kerala<br/>during the dearth and brood rearing season, with a mean percentage infection of<br/>44.36 followed by Thiruvananthapuram district (4.45) and Pathanamthitta district<br/>(1.07) Two bacterial isolates which proved the pathogenicity were identified as<br/>Bacillus pumilus and Achromobacter sp. Crushed garlic 0.25 % and crushed<br/>leaves of Ocimum sp 0.05 % were found effective in the field evaluation of<br/>botanicals, against brood disease, with a mean percentage reduction of 68.52 and<br/>67.57 respectively.<br/>-<br/>
650 ## - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM
Topical term or geographic name as entry element	Agricultural Entomology
700 ## - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME
Personal name	Amritha, V S (Guide)
856 ## - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS
Uniform Resource Identifier	http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810145827
942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA)
Source of classification or shelving scheme	Dewey Decimal Classification
Item type	Theses

Holdings
Not for loan	Collection code	Home library	Current library	Shelving location	Date acquired	Full call number	Barcode	Date last seen	Koha item type
Not For Loan	Reference Book	KAU Central Library, Thrissur	KAU Central Library, Thrissur	Theses	12/02/2019	632.6 JYO/ET	174382	12/02/2019	Theses